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  • #16
    Originally posted by Inst View Post
    It's mainly a cash play, though; supercomputing is in large part determined by how much money you have available for the project. Since the Chinese have money to burn, they really should just get out there and set up a 100 Pflops machine already and use its energy-consumption characteristics as a prototype for future exaflop machines.

    A K20x chip from Nvidia is about 5.5 gflops per watt with 1.5 TFlops performance per unit. A rack of 670 of these should grant 1 Petaflop, and 67000 gets you to a theoretical 100 PFlop machine at 17 MW; probably with doubling to compensate for low efficiency.

    If you model it on the Titan, which uses essentially this set-up, you get a system that should cost around $1 billion, and consumes about 82MW. You'd need a ten-fold increase in supercomputing capacity to reach the 1 exaflop point, which is 4 doublings of performance, which occur approximately once every 3 years.
    anyone can line up a bunch of CPU together and call it supercomputing. Getting the interconnect/bandwidth to drive all those CPUs is a different story


    So rather than invent a new core for the sake of glory, they analyzed current supercomputers to determine where is the bottleneck and worked to find a better way. Seems InfiniBand was gating performance so the Chinese team tackled the interconnect. According to EE Times they invented an interconnect chip set called Galaxy that pumps 160 Gigabits per second.

    What does this have to do with system-on-chip interconnects? Plenty.

    When system-on-chip designers set out to meet requirements with a new design or derivative, they often forget to reexamine past designs to understand what was gating performance or what other features customers wanted, but could not get. We tend to immediately jump into the trap of "it will have this latest ARM core" and "there's an update to the graphics core we can add" before we look at the system as a whole to understand what is most important. In other words, we often don't understand the degrees of freedom we should exercise when developing a new product because we are blinded by the "sexy" stuff we could do.

    The interconnect isn't sexy (Well, I think it is, but most people don't). But if it is gating performance, or using too much power, or increasing the size of your die, then it is a bottleneck. Removing that interconnect bottleneck is just as important, or maybe even more important, than adding that fancy new IP core that everyone is all excited about.
    “the misery of being exploited by capitalists is nothing compared to the misery of not being exploited at all” -- Joan Robinson

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    • #17
      Originally posted by Doktor View Post
      But then Moses would have GPS Navigation and wouldn't have to pray to God to split the sea [ATTACH=CONFIG]34461[/ATTACH]
      GPS doesn't work under salt water.
      To be Truly ignorant, Man requires an Education - Plato

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      • #18
        Originally posted by JAD_333 View Post
        lol...did they smile when you asked or turn deathly pale?

        BTW, how do you define application in this context?
        no, SC13 was not their first rodeo. :-)

        An application is what manage (the master) all the raw horse power of the back-end CPUs in the supercomputing context. The CPUs by themselves just for number crunching, it is the master that coordinate and schedule of CPU cycles for any given task.
        “the misery of being exploited by capitalists is nothing compared to the misery of not being exploited at all” -- Joan Robinson

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        • #19
          Originally posted by xinhui View Post
          wow, when you say "big data" you mean it.
          I think perhaps you misunderstood. Astronomy... astrometrical data. The machines in the hall are fed data (through fiber optic cables) from a telescope in Chile which has the largest digital camera (570 Megapixels) in the world attached. Its 2.2 degree field of view is so large that a single image will record data from an area of the sky 20 times the size of the moon as seen from earth.
          sigpic

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          • #20
            Originally posted by JAD_333 View Post
            GPS doesn't work under salt water.
            You say they'd also have subs? :red:
            No such thing as a good tax - Churchill

            To make mistakes is human. To blame someone else for your mistake, is strategic.

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            • #21
              Originally posted by Doktor View Post
              You say they'd also have subs? :red:
              Underwater, subs use something else. Where are we going with this? :)
              To be Truly ignorant, Man requires an Education - Plato

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              • #22
                Originally posted by JAD_333 View Post
                Underwater, subs use something else. Where are we going with this? :)
                You started it and I need something to cheer up. The weather here is depressing.
                No such thing as a good tax - Churchill

                To make mistakes is human. To blame someone else for your mistake, is strategic.

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