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Old 09-12-2007, 14:29 PM   #1 (permalink)
Ray
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Nowhere is safe now

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Nowhere is safe now

The quietest voice in the Afghanistan debate is that of the Afghans themselves. Here, a friend shares his views on the conflict in his homeland.

September 11, 2007 8:00 PM | Printable version

The quietest voice in the debate about Afghanistan seems to be that of the Afghans themselves. Journalists often quote western political and military leaders in support of their views about how well or badly things are going, but I rarely read about the views of those whose lives and futures are more directly at stake.

The following account comes from an old friend who I met at last week. I have not seen him for three years, but we worked closely together when I lived in Afghanistan. I do not necessarily agree with all of the views that he expressed, but I think that his perspective is important. For fairly obvious reasons, he has to remain anonymous.

"Things are getting worse," he told me. "The insurgents now control half the country and without western support President Karzai's government would collapse. In many areas even where the Afghan National Army and coalition troops patrol during the day, the Taliban patrol at night. They visit the mosques and the village elders and tell them that they are the only effective force and that if people have problems they should come to them.

"In some places where crime has become a particular problem the Taliban have begun to impose order again. Where the authorities were unable to deal with problems the Taliban have tracked down thieves and executed them. They leave the corpses on display to warn the others. People feel safe again and this has boosted their support. Now they are even active in Kabul province. Just a couple of weeks ago they killed the father of a UN staff member, even though the village elders pleaded for his life. Nowhere is safe now. There are dozens of suicide bombings every week.

"Everyone talks about the Taliban, but the insurgency is bigger than that. In many places it is Hezbi Islami (led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar) that is leading things. They have a broader base of support than the Taliban, both geographically and ethnically, and that is why attacks are taking place in the north and the west. The other political factions are also treating Hekmatyar as a potential ally for the future. He is covered by the amnesty law that the parliament is supporting and which would shield the country's war lords for the crimes that they have committed.

"Jamiat-e-Islami, which used to back government are now the opposition. They were the dominant force in the Northern Alliance, which toppled the Taliban, and President Karzai is taking a great risk in alienating them. At the same time their former fighters are involved in much of the crime that is taking place including the kidnapping of international aid workers. The problem is that Karzai does not have an independent base of support and his own tribal areas are now controlled by the Taliban.

"Iran may be providing some support to the insurgency, just to keep the west busy and delay any attack on them, but it is Pakistan that is in control. The Pakistan secret service could shut the Taliban down tomorrow. They know where all their leaders are and they provide them with all the support necessary to keep going. They have even killed Taliban commanders who try to operate independently. They want to keep Afghanistan weak because we have a border dispute with them. They created the Taliban as a means of dominating Afghanistan and they are still in control of it.

"There is not an alternative to talking. That is the way politics works here. Karzai needs to bring the opposition groups into the government and that will have to include the Taliban and Hekmatyar. At the moment it is they who are refusing to come. Four years ago, things could have been different, but we did not get the support that we were promised by the west. I am not optimistic about the future. I think that things could get an awful lot worse."

Comment is free: Nowhere is safe now
This is our Afghanistan!

Any chance of success?

If so, how?
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Old 09-12-2007, 18:08 PM   #2 (permalink)
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This is our Afghanistan!

Any chance of success?

If so, how?
Ray,

As one of the comments in the article notes, the article grossly overstates the number of suicide bombings; and as you yourself have posted sometime back, I think, that the vast majority of the suicide bombers originate from across the Pak-Afghan border. In my humble opinion it is an important distinction because a suicide bombing campaign is almost always a very bad sign - especially if coming from within - because it signifies a very desperate and morally-bankrupt foe. Fortunately things are not quite so bad. The people have not lost the will to live, they have not made the devil's bargain of life for destruction.

The Afghan peoples' will to live and fight for their survival, even development, is the light at the end of the tunnel. So yes, there is a good chance of success - barring a massive cluster f-up on our side and sudden, coincidental luck on the side of our foes. As to the "how", I would think it comes out of the traditional building blocks of any modern state: good education, a capable defense force, and a loyal opposition.

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Old 09-12-2007, 23:16 PM   #3 (permalink)
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Eyewitness

"...the Taliban have tracked down thieves and executed them. They leave the corpses on display to warn the others. People feel safe again and this has boosted their support... Just a couple of weeks ago they killed the father of a UN staff member, even though the village elders pleaded for his life. Nowhere is safe now. There are dozens of suicide bombings every week."

Either poorly conveyed by the writer or reflecting confusion by the interviewee/subject, this doesn't constitute a credible assessment of Afghanistan's condition.

It was interesting to watch a story about a girl's soccer team in Kabul recently. A very traditionally dressed sixteen year old was discussing an experience she'd had with a fellow female teenage passenger on a city bus. She, a school student and soccer player was riding next to a girl neither allowed to play soccer nor ATTEND school. Both girls, residents of Kabul, seemed surprised at the existence of these varied condition within their own city. The story was accompanied by a variety of images of Afghani women in Kabul during the sixties wearing MINI-SKIRTS openly and unafraid. In short, a very modern contradiction to our often misplaced stereotypes and notions.

I'll be interested to see how U.S. ground forces redeploy over the next eighteen months as regional conditions and considerations begin shifting. Iraq and Iran obviously influence those possible redeployments. There's little doubt in my mind that we need far more American forces in Afghanistan than are currently stationed.

Cactus says,

"So yes, there is a good chance of success..."

What's success? Not to be a smart-ass but do we REALLY know what our objectives are in Afghanistan? I'd love to have a cultural anthropologist explain this from CJTF-82 (OEF)'s website-

"Army Capt. Don Canterna, Bravo Co.’s commander, talked with Khangul and village elders until dusk.

The village elder’s main concern is land mines from the Soviet War that continue to plague the area. Rival farmers are digging up old land mines to replant in rival fields in an attempt to kill off the competition.

“Except they’re hurting more kids than farmers,” explained a village elder
."


TF Fury Patrols Pachir Wa Agam District

I thought that I'd read it all until just now. Stunning.
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Old 09-13-2007, 10:32 AM   #4 (permalink)
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"So yes, there is a good chance of success..."

What's success? Not to be a smart-ass but do we REALLY know what our objectives are in Afghanistan?
Whose standards of success are you questioning? Even amongst ourselves we have widely varying standards of success, don't we? I took standards of success in context of this article: First, no return of Tali-Tubbies to power; next, marginalization of Tali-Tubby supporters in Afghan psyche; finally, a general committment among Afghans to never let the likes of Tali-Tubbies back into mainstream ~ whatever difference among themselves might be. Basically defense, education and loyal opposition.

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I'd love to have a cultural anthropologist explain this from CJTF-82 (OEF)'s website-...

I thought that I'd read it all until just now. Stunning.
Medieval Europeans would recognize it as "Fortress Mentality". Here is an Economist article, very deeply flawed in its interpretations and narrative style it assumes, but nonetheless illuminating in the cultural details:

http://www.economist.com/world/displ...ory_id=8345531
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Old 09-13-2007, 12:43 PM   #5 (permalink)
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Reminds me about Somalia. The Islamic Courts did bring order to Mogadishu, and low lawlessness reigns as they are driven back to the south.
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Old 09-13-2007, 15:15 PM   #6 (permalink)
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"Even amongst ourselves we have widely varying standards of success, don't we?"

Exactly. I've simply come to wonder what any individual's definition of success has come to mean. Ryan Crocker recently said this about Iraq but I believe that it applies to Afghanistan as well-

"There will be no single moment at which we can claim victory. Any turning point will likely only be recognized in retrospect..."

His comments imply an undetermined commitment of some length. We should expect no less in Afghanistan.

"I took standards of success in context of this article: First, no return of Tali-Tubbies to power; next, marginalization of Tali-Tubby supporters in Afghan psyche; finally, a general committment among Afghans to never let the likes of Tali-Tubbies back into mainstream ~ whatever difference among themselves might be. Basically defense, education and loyal opposition."

Well put. Points two and three are the greater challenge, requiring a consistant and long-term perspective by donor nations and Afghans alike. There are massive cultural and organizational impediments to both "education" and "loyal opposition". Still, IMV, you are functionally correct.

Cactus, I also believe that success is possible. When confronted by a medieval "fortress mentality" amongst farmers who'd willingly mine their neighbor's fields as example, I try not to lose my perspective and time-line of patience.
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Old 09-13-2007, 16:30 PM   #7 (permalink)
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Reminds me about Somalia. The Islamic Courts did bring order to Mogadishu, and low lawlessness reigns as they are driven back to the south.
The difference is that instituions like Islamic Courts never bring order, they bring overwhelming force to push out the opposition from the public field of view. If we look at institutions in a civil war as a diffeent rungs of a spring clashing back and forth, what the Islamic Courts-like institutions do is bring overwhelming weight on one side of a spring and take all other rungs out of public's view. Now in rare cases, over prolonged, unchallenged periods of time they manage to destroy the elasticity of other rngs and become supreme. But in 99% of the cases it is just a matter of time before the other rungs spring right back. True order, in such an analogy of civil war, is a condition that brings all the institutions to equilibrium.

|---------------------------Field of Public View---------------------------|
Civil War:
[side1]/\/\/\/\/\/\/[side2]\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\[side3]/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\[Islamic Court] (back and forth)

Supposed Order:
[side1]||[side2]||[side3]||[Islamic Court]<<

Real Equilibrium:
[side1]-----------[side2]---------------[side3]--------------[Islamic Court]

Last edited by Cactus : 09-13-2007 at 20:47 PM.
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