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Thread: Why We Need a Draft: A Marine’s Lament

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    Why We Need a Draft: A Marine’s Lament

    an interesting take on an old subject. of course, going unspoken is that if there were a draft, political approval for military action would be a lot, lot harder to come by.

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    Why We Need a Draft: A Marine's Lament - Newsweek The War in Iraq - MSNBC.com

    Why We Need a Draft: A Marine’s Lament
    He was in the firefights of Fallujah. He saw gaps in America's arsenal that he believes can only be filled when America's elite puts its sons on the battlefield. A plea for selective service.

    Web-exclusive commentary
    By Cpl. Mark Finelli
    Newsweek
    Updated: 2 hours, 56 minutes ago
    Aug. 28, 2007 - “Maybe we would have only lost those three instead of 13,” I thought to myself on a dusty Friday in Fallujah in early November 2005. I was picking up the pieces of a truck that hours before had been blown apart by an IED, wondering why our equipment wasn’t better and why three more Marines were dead. Ramadan had just ended, the period in which a suicide bomber gets double and triple the virgins for killing himself in the name of jihad, and my weapons company, Second Battalion Second Marines, had lost 13 men in the last two weeks—not from firefights but from roadside bombs likely being imported from Iran. The insurgents were ramping up their technology, and here we were in the same old trucks. At least these didn’t have cloth doors like the ones last year. But seriously, was this the best technology we have?

    Just then I noticed a big vehicle driving by, one owned by a private contracting company. This thing made our truck look like a Pinto in a Ferrari showroom. It was huge, heavy, ominous, indestructible. I wanted to commandeer it. I wanted to live in it. If only we were in one of those, I would definitely come home, and a lot of the guys who won’t would too. As it passed I stared at what I would later learn was called the MRAP vehicle (Mine Resistant Ambush Protective Vehicle). I never thought I would see something in Iraq that enticing, but there it was, rumbling past in all its glory.

    I looked at my platoon sergeant. “Staff sergeant?”

    “Yes, Finelli?”

    “Why are the private companies driving around in these things and not the Marine Corps?” He looked at me and gave the universal sign for money, rubbing together his thumb and forefinger. And suddenly, I understood. It became clear on that November Friday in Fallujah that America’s greatest strength, economics, was not in play. A sad realization.

    According to the Pentagon, no service personnel have died in an MRAP. So why isn’t every Marine or soldier in Iraq riding in one? Simple economics. An MRAP costs five times more than even the most up-armored Humvee. People need a personal, vested, blood-or-money interest to maximize potential. That is why capitalism has trumped communism time and again, but it is also why private contractors in Iraq have MRAPs while Marines don’t. Because in actuality, America isn’t practicing the basic tenet of capitalism on the battlefield with an all-volunteer military, and won’t be until the reinstitution of the draft. Because until the wealthy have that vested interest, until it’s the sons of senators and the wealthy upper classes sitting in those trucks—it takes more than the McCain boy or the son of Sen. Jim Webb—the best gear won’t get paid for on an infantryman’s timetable. Eighteen months after the Marines first asked for the MRAP, it’s finally being delivered. Though not nearly at the rate that’s needed. By the end of the year, only 1,500 will have been delivered, less than half the 3,900 the Pentagon had initially promised.

    It’s not hard to figure out who suffers. The 160,000 servicemen and women in Iraq are the latest generation of Americans to represent their country on the field of battle. And like their predecessors, they are abundantly unrepresented in the halls of power. As a result, they’ve adopted what I find to be a disturbing outlook on their situation: many don’t want the draft because they believe it will ruin the military, which they consider their own blue-collar fraternity. They have heard the horror stories from their dads and granddads about “spoiled” rich officers. Have no doubt: there is a distinct disdain for networked America among the fighting class of this country. When a politician would come on TV in the Camp Fallujah chow hall talking about Iraq, the rank-and-file reaction was always something like, “Well, I am blue-collar cannon fodder to this wealthy bureaucrat who never got shot at and whose kids aren’t here. But I know I am making America safer, so I’ll do my job anyway.” And they do, and have been for the last three and a half years, tragically underequipped but always willing to fight.

    The real failure of this war, the mistake that has led to all the malaise of Operation Iraqi Freedom, was the failure to not reinstitute the draft on Sept. 12, 2001—something I certainly believed would happen after running down 61 flights of the South Tower, dodging the carnage as I made my way to the Hudson River [I worked at the World Trade Center as an investment adviser for Morgan Stanley at the time]. But President Bush was determined to keep the lives of nonuniformed America—the wealthiest Americans, like himself—uninterrupted by the war. Consequently, we have a severe talent deficiency in the military, which the draft would remedy immediately. While America’s bravest are in the military, America’s brightest are not. Allow me to build a squad of the five brightest students from MIT and Caltech and promise them patrols on the highways connecting Baghdad and Fallujah, and I’ll bet that in six months they could render IED’s about as effective as a “Just Say No” campaign at a Grateful Dead show.

    On a macro level, we are logistically weakened by the lack of a draft. It takes six to seven soldiers to support one infantryman in combat. So, you are basically asking 30,000 or so “grunts” to secure a nation of 26 million. I assure you, no matter who wins the 2008 election, we are staying in Iraq. But with the Marine Corps and the Army severely stressed after 3.5 years of desert and urban combat in Iraq—equipment needs replacing, recruitment efforts are coming up short—you tell me how we're going to sustain the current force structure without the draft? The president’s new war czar, Lt. Gen. Douglas Lute, essentially said as much earlier this month, when he announced that considering the draft “makes sense.”

    Of course, the outcry was swift and predictable. America has rejected selective service before, though always in the guise of antiwar movements. But they should really be viewed as antidraft movements, and they existed, en masse, when the wealthy could buy their way out of serving—as Teddy Roosevelt’s father and his ilk did during the Civil War, or as countless college kids did during the deferment-ridden Vietnam conflict. Not every draftee has to be a front-line Marine or soldier, but history shows us that most entrepreneurial young men, faced with a fair draft, almost always chose the front. A deferment draft, however, is a different story, and ultimately counterproductive because of the acrimony it breeds. By allowing the fortunate and, often, most talented to stay home, those who are drafted feel less important than what they are asked to die for. At the end of the day, it was this bitterness that helped fuel the massive antiwar movement that pushed Nixon to end the draft in ‘73.

    I don’t favor a Vietnam-style draft, where men like the current vice president could get five deferments. I am talking about a World War II draft, with the brothers and sons of future and former presidents answering the call (and, unfortunately, dying, as a Roosevelt and a Kennedy once did) on the front line. That is when the war effort is maximized. Quite simply, the military cannot be a faceless horde to those pulling the purse strings of our great economy.

    The draft would even hasten a weaning away from foreign oil, I believe, if more Americans felt the nausea that I do every time I go to the pump and underwrite the people who have nearly killed me five times. This war on the jihadists needs to be more discomforting to the average American than just bad news on the tube. Democracies at war abroad cannot wage a protracted ground operation when the only people who are sacrificing are those who choose to go. This is the greatest lesson of my generation. Young Americans: you may not want to kill jihadists, but they are interested in killing you and your loved ones. Wake up.

    Cpl. Mark Finelli is an inactive, noncommissioned Marine Corps officer who served in Iraq from July 2005 to February 2006. He is currently writing a book about surviving 9/11 and fighting in Iraq.
    The human mind cannot grasp the causes of phenomena in the aggregate. But the need to find these causes is inherent in man’s soul. And the human intellect, without investigating the multiplicity and complexity of the conditions of phenomena, any one of which taken separately may seem to be the cause, snatches at the first, the most intelligible approximation to a cause, and says: “This is the cause!"

    -Leo Tolstoy
    War and Peace

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    Field mechanik Senior Contributor omon's Avatar
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    some intersting article i came across

    If you think the U.S. has only 160,000 troops in Iraq, think again. With almost no congressional oversight and even less public awareness, the Bush administration has more than doubled the size of the U.S. occupation through the use of private war companies.

    There are now almost 200,000 private "contractors" deployed in Iraq by Washington. This means that U.S. military forces in Iraq are now outsized by a coalition of billing corporations whose actions go largely unmonitored and whose crimes are virtually unpunished.

    In essence, the Bush administration has created a shadow army that can be used to wage wars unpopular with the American public but extremely profitable for a few unaccountable private companies.

    How many?

    During the 1991 Gulf War, the ratio of troops to private contractors was about 60 to 1. Today, it is the contractors who outnumber U.S. forces in Iraq. As of July 2007, there were more than 630 war contracting companies working in Iraq for the United States. Composed of some 180,000 individual personnel drawn from more than 100 countries, the army of contractors surpasses the official U.S. military presence of 160,000 troops.

    The J-Walk Blog
    "Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what to have for lunch. Liberty is a well-armed lamb contesting the vote!" B. Franklin

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    Military Professional Skull6's Avatar
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    & all, or even most, are armed, trained killers?

    None of them are engineers, over there to help rebuild the Iraqis' infrastructure? None of them are in administrative positions, assisting the Iraqis' in documenting & keeping track of such things as payroll, rations, etc?

    Guess the old adage comes back to haunt us--"Do all liars figure, or do all figures lie?"
    If you know the enemy and yourself you need not fear the results of a hundred battles. - Sun Tzu

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    Quote Originally Posted by astralis View Post
    It takes six to seven soldiers to support one infantryman in combat.
    Is this true? Can anyone subtract other combat arms (armor, artillery etc) from this number and give us the ratio of combat to combat support and support troops?
    Last edited by Cactus; 29 Aug 07, at 00:00. Reason: Unnecessary detail

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    Military Professional Skull6's Avatar
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    I can't quote the numbers, but the Army's always trying to reduce the tail. (The USAF is the worst of the service branches for having many more support forlks for each pilot/ service members in actual combat.) With this conflict, I'd suspect those numbers to be a bit too higher. Part of what those dirty, rotten, stinking individuals comprising this "shadow Army" that Omon posted about are doing is the administrative & "non-line" functions, allowing more Soldiers to actually do actual combat functions.
    If you know the enemy and yourself you need not fear the results of a hundred battles. - Sun Tzu

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    Typical ratios of tooth to tail in heavy brigades was 1:3. With the Stryker Brigades, that number is inverted, as will it be with light brigades. Given the unit transformations over the past two years, the ratio in heavy units will have decreased. Also, given the fact that KBR is running lots of the logistics, from mess facilities to running bulk petroleum, the additional support troops at echelons above brigade has been reduced. Bottomline, a 1:6 or 7 tooth to tail ratio is an overestimation.
    "So little pains do the vulgar take in the investigation of truth, accepting readily the first story that comes to hand." Thucydides 1.20.3

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    Perhaps Corporal Finelli included the aviation component of the MAGTF in his calculations.

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    Military Professional Grim's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Skull6 View Post
    Part of what those dirty, rotten, stinking individuals comprising this "shadow Army" that Omon posted about are doing is the administrative & "non-line" functions, allowing more Soldiers to actually do actual combat functions.
    Sir, Sounds like you have a personal dog in this fight. Mind telling us why you feel such strong animosity for men who are risking their lives while helping the USA in this situation?

    NPR : Private Contractors Die in Iraqi Helicopter Attack

    Enraged Mob in Falluja Kills 4 American Contractors

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    Quote Originally Posted by Grim View Post
    Sir, Sounds like you have a personal dog in this fight. Mind telling us why you feel such strong animosity for men who are risking their lives while helping the USA in this situation?

    NPR : Private Contractors Die in Iraqi Helicopter Attack

    Enraged Mob in Falluja Kills 4 American Contractors
    I think Skull6 was being sarcastic back there.

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    Field mechanik Senior Contributor omon's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Skull6 View Post
    & all, or even most, are armed, trained killers?

    None of them are engineers, over there to help rebuild the Iraqis' infrastructure? None of them are in administrative positions, assisting the Iraqis' in documenting & keeping track of such things as payroll, rations, etc?

    Guess the old adage comes back to haunt us--"Do all liars figure, or do all figures lie?"
    ok fair enough
    what would the realistic number of armed, trained killers be?
    keep in mind they don,t come from us alone, as article states(don,t know if it is the truth, may be you can debunk it) from about 100 countries.
    "Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what to have for lunch. Liberty is a well-armed lamb contesting the vote!" B. Franklin

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    Official Thread Jacker Senior Contributor gunnut's Avatar
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    I don't understand how bringing back the draft will result in better equipment or reduce casualties. In fact, having a bunch of conscripts who aren't as well trained and motivated like our professional force might result in higher body count.

    As for vehicles resistant to IEDs, I've been asking that question since 2003 when our convoys were hit by RPGs. We were, and still are, using essentially jeeps as armored vehicles. The army has Abrams => Bradleys => Humvees. There's nothing between a 30 ton tracked infantry fighting vehicle and a jeep. Now we have the Stryker, but it's still fairly big and heavy. It looks more like an assault vehicle rather than something used for convoy. But at least that's a step in the right direction.
    "Only Nixon can go to China." -- Old Vulcan proverb.

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    Military Professional Grim's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by lazybastard View Post
    I think Skull6 was being sarcastic back there.
    DOOOH, I am often sarcastically deaf.

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    Military Professional Grim's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by astralis View Post

    Why We Need a Draft: A Marine's Lament - Newsweek The War in Iraq - MSNBC.com

    I don’t favor a Vietnam-style draft, where men like the current vice president could get five deferments. I am talking about a World War II draft, with the brothers and sons of future and former presidents answering the call (and, unfortunately, dying, as a Roosevelt and a Kennedy once did) on the front line. That is when the war effort is maximized. Quite simply, the military cannot be a faceless horde to those pulling the purse strings of our great economy.
    Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr who's rank I do not know and Selected Major General Theodore Roosevelt, Jr both are interesting men and great role models for all Americans. Both men share a profound commonality which shines like a beacon in their military careers. They were truly selfless volunteers in heart and deed.
    Cpl. Mark Finelli is I feel trying to that which which has frustrated so many Marines before him, Get the rest of the nation to march in step. I wish him luck but suspect he will find it easier to put wheels on a miscarriage and I do not believe his plan would bear the fruit he desires.

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    Senior Contributor FibrillatorD's Avatar
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    Originally Posted by Skull6
    Part of what those dirty, rotten, stinking individuals comprising this "shadow Army" that Omon posted about are doing is the administrative & "non-line" functions, allowing more Soldiers to actually do actual combat functions.
    Quote Originally Posted by Grim View Post
    Sir, Sounds like you have a personal dog in this fight. Mind telling us why you feel such strong animosity for men who are risking their lives while helping the USA in this situation?

    NPR : Private Contractors Die in Iraqi Helicopter Attack

    Enraged Mob in Falluja Kills 4 American Contractors
    That's still a good point. How many of the contractors over there are normal working class people like many of the soldiers in our army.

    As long as the Chief has control over how wars are conducted, then it is in his interest to get the job done as efficiently as possible with the funds received from Congress.

    So, this is essentially one massive purchase made by the government, with the sales tax being the men in uniform, to keep the whole transaction legal, isn't it? In the end, a quarter is worth five nickels is worth x contracted security personnel, yeah?

    And a few externalities in the form of citizens.

    All a draft does, according to the marine, would make warmaking safer for those involved. We are logistically disadvantaged without a draft. Perfectly understandable coming from a marine, and of course the US should make sure the people on its front lines are the best equipped in the world, if it chooses to send them to war.

    The question for the dove movement becomes, does the "if" get more conditional or less conditional when indeed the military is "brighter" and thus more effective at warring, with a draft, than warring when warmaking is an industry.

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    NO DRAFT. Conscript armies are what professional volunteers beat up on. I want nothing to do with any armed force made up of unwilling people that think they have no stake in the outcome.

    It is NOT money that keeps our forces from riding around in super-deluxe mine-resistant vehicles, because the economics of blown-up troops and crappy vehicles is WAY more expensive than if they had managed to survive an IED in their mine-proof limo. The problem is very simply that the vehicle that the Marine wants is NOT SUITABLE for what the country wants him to do: it's not a combat vehicle, it's a defend-against-mines vehicle, and if he were equipped with THAT, that would make the US Marine Corps in Iraq a well-protected trucking company.

    As much as nobody wants to hear it and as tone-deaf as it was when he said it, Rumsfeld was absolutely correct: you go to the war you're given with the force you have. The REASON IEDs/EFPs have become the weapon of choice for our enemies is because they're all they've got that are even somewhat effective. The reason that this is so is because of the equipment choices that the US has made in the years prior, and the reason that equipment was chosen is because it was what was needed to counteract the threat systems then.

    So, bottom line is this: we choose what we think we need, the enemy tries different combinations of weapons and tactics, until he hits on something that may work better than everything else he's tried up until then. We'll try to make better equipment choices that shut off that threat, but the enemy, seeking to find something that works against THAT choice, will eventually hit on something else that will defeat what we've done to defeat what USED to work well.

    The old question goes, 'Why does everybody insist on fighting the last war?' The answer is simple: because human beings engaged in the most serious business on the planet - warfare - are ADAPTABLE, and like air that seeks a way into a void, will ALWAYS be searching for a better method of finding the weak spot.

    And here's the secret of American power that the Marine just doesn't seem to get: the United States of America has managed to become so absolutely superior in methodology and equipment that there is no conceivable combination of Powers against whom she may have to contend that could defeat her forces. IEDs/EFPs may seem scary and omnipotent to somebody on patrol through Baghdad or Ramadi...but they're the weapons of LOSERS. They cannot keep us from fulfilling our mission, going wherever the hell we want, destroying whatever we may designate for destruction. They BARELY work, most 'attacks' by this lame-ass weapon are ineffective, and it cannot accomplish anything but a few deaths/wounds here-and-there to us in a most haphazard, unpredictable manner. In absolute terms, these weapons are CRAP.

    And here's the thing: if the Marine gets that pimped-out mine-defeater he wants, his effectiveness goes DOWN, and I guarantee you, the next enemy we face will have a better solution to defeating Marines in anti-mine vehicles than mines. They'll go through an extremely painful, costly search through their weapons and tactics until they come across the best way to make THAT generation's Marine write a painfully-tunnel-visionary article to the news organ that wants the American people to believe that this new enemy weapons/tactics combo has our pore boys on the ropes and that they're just set-up targets that the enemy can just knock down at will.

    Like I said before, I bet it looks a lot different at street-level on patrol in Iraq, but the fact is, IEDs/EFPs are NOT war-winners. They're simply the only thing - and a dam' DESPERATE thing - that the enemy can use to get to us in any way. If they had a good air force, they'd be dropping bombs on our FOBs from the edge of the stratosphere, because THAT is weapon winners use, and then WE would have to seek a way to avoid enemy power, and OUR guys would place mines in the road under cover of night.

    You see my point? Newsweek has NO sense of perspective, but they DO have an AGENDA. And their point with this story is: 'We're powerless to stop the mighty IED, and the powers-that-be are WAY more interested in money that the lives of our troops.' Both halves of that statement are CRAP.

    And it has nothing to do with the draft, either.
    Last edited by Bluesman; 29 Aug 07, at 18:45.
    "The quickest way of ending a war is to lose it, and if one finds the prospect of a long war intolerable, it is natural to disbelieve in the possibility of victory."
    - George Orwell

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