Aranthus

What do you you mean by "What is Israel originally a part of? Geographically? Politically? Religiously? Culturally? Also, it's contradictory to ask what Israel was "originally" a part of and then limit the answer to the recent past, especially when the "originality of Israel goes back several thousand years. The question should be what was Israel recently part of or part of immediately before the declaration of the state.

With that in mind:

Geographically: The area is part of the South West Asian portion of the Middle East. Israel lies on the Mediterranean litoral.

Politically: The area was part of the British Empire and before that, the Ottoman Empire.

Culturally: The area was mixed. The major cultural groups were Jews and Arabs. The proportions of each depend on what specific area you are talking about. Jews were a majority in the area that was recommended as the Jewish state (538K to 397K) Arabs were the majority in the Arab state (804K to 10K) Arabs were about a two to one majority in the entire area of Palestine west of the River Jordan, and were obviously in the majority in the entire Palestine Mandate (which includes Jordan).

Religiously: Also mixed. Mostly Muslims and Jews.

"Did Israel exists?" Again, it isn't clear what you mean here. Did Israel exist before it came into being? Does anything? That's a deep philosophical discussion that is quite a bit off the topic.

If you are asking whether there are any cultural or historical precedents for Israel, then the answer is obviously yes. In fact of the three indigenous independent states which have ever existed in that area, all of them have been Jewish, and two of them have been called Israel. The Jewish presence in that area has been continuous for over three thousand years, and the area is considered to be the homeland of the Jews. Finally, there was obviously a Jewish nation in Palestine at the time Israel became independent, and they were entitled to an independent national existence.

"Can anyone superimpose a country on another?" What do you mean by "country" A state? If so, then the question isn't relevant since the Palestinians didn't have a state at the time that Israel became independent (or at any other time). I suspect that what you are really getting at is whether one people can claim sovereignty over a piece of land to the exclusion of some other people's claim. The answer is yes. In fact, every state is the arrogation of sovereignty by one people to the exclusion of some other people.

All in all, I'm not sure what point you were trying to make. Perhaps you could clarify what it is that you are trying to say.